Understanding Human Autoimmunity and Autoinflammation Through Transcriptomics.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2017

JAX Source

Annu Rev Immunol 2017; 35:337-70.

Volume

35

First Page

337

Last Page

370

ISSN

1545-3278

PMID

28142321

Grant

AR054083, AI089987, AIO82715

Abstract

Transcriptomics, the high-throughput characterization of RNAs, has been instrumental in defining pathogenic signatures in human autoimmunity and autoinflammation. It enabled the identification of new therapeutic targets in IFN-, IL-1- and IL-17-mediated diseases. Applied to immunomonitoring, transcriptomics is starting to unravel diagnostic and prognostic signatures that stratify patients, track molecular changes associated with disease activity, define personalized treatment strategies, and generally inform clinical practice. Herein, we review the use of transcriptomics to define mechanistic, diagnostic, and predictive signatures in human autoimmunity and autoinflammation. We discuss some of the analytical approaches applied to extract biological knowledge from high-dimensional data sets. Finally, we touch upon emerging applications of transcriptomics to study eQTLs, B and T cell repertoire diversity, and isoform usage. Annu Rev Immunol 2017; 35:337

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