Title
Genetic and Small Molecule Disruption of the AID/RAD51 Axis Similarly Protects Nonobese Diabetic Mice from Type 1 Diabetes through Expansion of Regulatory B Lymphocytes.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
6-1-2017
JAX Source
J Immunol 2017 Jun 1; 198(11):4255-4267
PMID
28461573
Grant
DK-46266, DK-95735, OD-020351, CA138646, CA034196
Abstract
B lymphocytes play a key role in type 1 diabetes (T1D) development by serving as a subset of APCs preferentially supporting the expansion of autoreactive pathogenic T cells. As a result of their pathogenic importance, B lymphocyte-targeted therapies have received considerable interest as potential T1D interventions. Unfortunately, the B lymphocyte-directed T1D interventions tested to date failed to halt β cell demise. IgG autoantibodies marking humans at future risk for T1D indicate that B lymphocytes producing them have undergone the affinity-maturation processes of class switch recombination and, possibly, somatic hypermutation. This study found that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation of the activation-induced cytidine deaminase gene required for class switch recombination/somatic hypermutation induction inhibits T1D development in the NOD mouse model. The activation-induced cytidine deaminase protein induces genome-wide DNA breaks that, if not repaired through RAD51-mediated homologous recombination, result in B lymphocyte death. Treatment with the RAD51 inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid also strongly inhibited T1D development in NOD mice. The genetic and small molecule-targeting approaches expanded CD73(+) B lymphocytes that exert regulatory activity suppressing diabetogenic T cell responses. Hence, an initial CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic modification approach has identified the AID/RAD51 axis as a target for a potentially clinically translatable pharmacological approach that can block T1D development by converting B lymphocytes to a disease-inhibitory CD73(+) regulatory state. J Immunol 2017 Jun 1; 198(11):4255-4267.
Recommended Citation
Ratiu, Jeremy; Racine, Jeremy; Hasham, Muneer G.; Wang, Qiming; Branca, Jane; Chapman, Harold D; Zhu, Jing; Donghia, Nina M.; Philip, Vivek M.; Schott, William H.; Wasserfall, Clive; Atkinson, Mark A; Mills, Kevin D; Leeth, Caroline M; and Serreze, David V., "Genetic and Small Molecule Disruption of the AID/RAD51 Axis Similarly Protects Nonobese Diabetic Mice from Type 1 Diabetes through Expansion of Regulatory B Lymphocytes." (2017). Faculty Research 2017. 115.
https://mouseion.jax.org/stfb2017/115