New insights into regulation and function of planar polarity in the inner ear.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

7-8-2019

Keywords

JMG

JAX Source

Neurosci Lett 2019 Jul 8; 709:134373

Volume

709

First Page

134373

Last Page

134373

ISSN

1872-7972

PMID

31295539

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134373

Grant

DC015242

Abstract

Acquisition of cell polarity generates signaling and cytoskeletal asymmetry and thus underpins polarized cell behaviors during tissue morphogenesis. In epithelial tissues, both apical-basal polarity and planar polarity, which refers to cell polarization along an axis orthogonal to the apical-basal axis, are essential for epithelial morphogenesis and function. A prime example of epithelial planar polarity can be found in the auditory sensory epithelium (or organ of Corti, OC). Sensory hair cells, the sound receptors, acquire a planar polarized apical cytoskeleton which is uniformely oriented along an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the cochlear duct. Both cell-intrinsic and tissue-level planar polarity are necessary for proper perception of sound. Here we review recent insights into the novel roles and mechanisms of planar polarity signaling gained from genetic analysis in mice, focusing mainly on the OC but also with some discussions on the vestibular sensory epithelia.

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