Immunofluorescence imaging of DNA damage response proteins: optimizing protocols for super-resolution microscopy.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2009
Keywords
Cell-Line, Chromatin, DNA-Damage, DNA-Binding-Proteins, Fluorescent-Antibody-Technique, Hela-Cells, Humans, Kidney, Microscopy-Fluorescence, Proteins, RNA-Interference, RNA-Small-Interfering, Transfection
First Page
63
Last Page
71
JAX Source
Methods 2009 May; 48(1):63-71.
Abstract
Immunofluorescence imaging has provided captivating visual evidence for numerous cellular events, from vesicular trafficking, organelle maturation and cell division to nuclear processes including the appearance of various proteins and chromatin components in distinct foci in response to DNA damaging agents. With the advent of new super-resolution microscope technologies such as 4Pi microscopy, standard immunofluorescence protocols deserve some reevaluation in order to take full advantage of these new technological accomplishments. Here we describe several methodological considerations that will help overcome some of the limitations that may result from the use of currently applied procedures, with particular attention paid to the analysis of possible colocalization of fluorescent signals. We conclude with an example of how application of optimized methods led to a breakthrough in super-resolution imaging of nuclear events occurring in response to DNA damage.
Recommended Citation
Bennett BT,
Bewersdorf J,
Knight KL.
Immunofluorescence imaging of DNA damage response proteins: optimizing protocols for super-resolution microscopy. Methods 2009 May; 48(1):63-71.