Mouse model of Noonan syndrome reveals cell type- and gene dosage-dependent effects of Ptpn11 mutation.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2004
Keywords
Cell-Lineage, Comparative-Study, Craniofacial-Abnormalities, Disease-Models-Animal, Endocardial-Cushion-Defects, Flow-Cytometry, Gene-Dosage, Genes-Dominant, Heart-Defects-Congenital, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Mice-Mutant-Strains, Mitogen-Activated-Protein-Kinases, Mutation, Myeloproliferative-Disorders, Noonan-Syndrome, Precipitin-Tests, Protein-Tyrosine-Phosphatase, Research-Support-Non-U, S, -Gov't, Research-Support-U, S, -Gov't-P, H, S
First Page
849
Last Page
857
JAX Source
Nat Med 2004 Aug; 10(8): 849-57.
Abstract
Noonan syndrome is a common human autosomal dominant birth defect, characterized by short stature, facial abnormalities, heart defects and possibly increased risk of leukemia. Mutations of Ptpn11 (also known as Shp2), which encodes the protein-tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, occur in approximately 50% of individuals with Noonan syndrome, but their molecular, cellular and developmental effects, and the relationship between Noonan syndrome and leukemia, are unclear. We generated mice expressing the Noonan syndrome-associated mutant D61G. When homozygous, the D61G mutant is embryonic lethal, whereas heterozygotes have decreased viability. Surviving Ptpn11(D61G/+) embryos ( approximately 50%) have short stature, craniofacial abnormalities similar to those in Noonan syndrome, and myeloproliferative disease. Severely affected Ptpn11(D61G/+) embryos ( approximately 50%) have multiple cardiac defects similar to those in mice lacking the Ras-GAP protein neurofibromin. Their endocardial cushions have increased Erk activation, but Erk hyperactivation is cell and pathway specific. Our results clarify the relationship between Noonan syndrome and leukemia and show that a single Ptpn11 gain-of-function mutation evokes all major features of Noonan syndrome by acting on multiple developmental lineages in a gene dosage-dependent and pathway-selective manner.
Recommended Citation
Araki T,
Mohi MG,
Ismat FA,
Bronson RT,
Williams IR,
Kutok JL,
Yang W,
Pao LI,
Gilliland DG,
Epstein JA,
Neel BG.
Mouse model of Noonan syndrome reveals cell type- and gene dosage-dependent effects of Ptpn11 mutation. Nat Med 2004 Aug; 10(8): 849-57.