Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Clostridium difficile Isolates: a Single-Center Study.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-2014
JAX Source
J Clin Microbiol 2014 Dec; 52(12):4260-4266.
Volume
52
Issue
12
First Page
4260
Last Page
4266
ISSN
1098-660X
PMID
25275005
Abstract
Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are a growing concern in North America, because of their increasing incidence and severity. Using integrated approaches, we correlated pathogen genotypes and host clinical characteristics for 46 C. difficile infections in a tertiary care medical center during a 6-month interval from January to June 2010. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) demonstrated 21 known and 2 novel sequence types (STs), suggesting that the institution's C. difficile strains are genetically diverse. ST-1 (which corresponds to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis strain type NAP1/ribotype 027) was the most prevalent (32.6%); 43.5% of the isolates were binary toxin gene positive, of which 75% were ST-1. All strains were ciprofloxacin resistant and metronidazole susceptible, and 8.3% and 13.0% of the isolates were resistant to clindamycin and tetracycline, respectively. The corresponding resistance loci, including potential novel mutations, were identified from the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of the resistant strains. Core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) determining the phylogenetic relatedness of the 46 strains recapitulated MLST types and provided greater interstrain differentiation. The disease severity was greatest in patients infected with ST-1 and/or binary gene-positive strains, but genome-wide SNP analysis failed to provide additional associations with CDI severity within the same STs. We conclude that MLST and core genome SNP typing result in the same phylogenetic grouping of the 46 C. difficile strains collected in a single hospital. WGS also has the capacity to differentiate those strains within STs and allows the comparison of strains at the individual gene level and at the whole-genome level. J Clin Microbiol 2014 Dec; 52(12):4260-4266.
Recommended Citation
Zhou Y,
Burnham C,
Hink T,
Chen L,
Shaikh N,
Wollam A,
Weinstock E,
Weinstock GM,
Tarr P,
Dubberke E.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Clostridium difficile Isolates: a Single-Center Study. J Clin Microbiol 2014 Dec; 52(12):4260-4266.