Mechanism of tandem duplication formation in BRCA1-mutant cells.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-30-2017

JAX Source

Nature 2017 Nov 30; 551(7682):590-595

Volume

551

Issue

7682

First Page

590

Last Page

595

ISSN

1476-4687

PMID

29168504

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24477

Grant

CA034196, BC160172

Abstract

Small, approximately 10-kilobase microhomology-mediated tandem duplications are abundant in the genomes of BRCA1-linked but not BRCA2-linked breast cancer. Here we define the mechanism underlying this rearrangement signature. We show that, in primary mammalian cells, BRCA1, but not BRCA2, suppresses the formation of tandem duplications at a site-specific chromosomal replication fork barrier imposed by the binding of Tus proteins to an array of Ter sites. BRCA1 has no equivalent role at chromosomal double-stranded DNA breaks, indicating that tandem duplications form specifically at stalled forks. Tandem duplications in BRCA1 mutant cells arise by a replication restart-bypass mechanism terminated by end joining or by microhomology-mediated template switching, the latter forming complex tandem duplication breakpoints. Solitary DNA ends form directly at Tus-Ter, implicating misrepair of these lesions in tandem duplication formation. Furthermore, BRCA1 inactivation is strongly associated with ~10 kilobase tandem duplications in ovarian cancer. This tandem duplicator phenotype may be a general signature of BRCA1-deficient cancer. Nature 2017 Nov 30; 551(7682):590-595.

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