Alopecia areata.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-16-2017
JAX Location
Reprint Collection
JAX Source
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017 Mar 16; 3:17011.
Volume
3
First Page
17011
Last Page
17011
ISSN
2056-676X
PMID
28300084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.11
Grant
AR056635, AR070588, CA034196
Abstract
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by transient, non-scarring hair loss and preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss can take many forms ranging from loss in well-defined patches to diffuse or total hair loss, which can affect all hair-bearing sites. Patchy alopecia areata affecting the scalp is the most common type. Alopecia areata affects nearly 2% of the general population at some point during their lifetime. Skin biopsies of affected skin show a lymphocytic infiltrate in and around the bulb or the lower part of the hair follicle in the anagen (hair growth) phase. A breakdown of immune privilege of the hair follicle is thought to be an important driver of alopecia areata. Genetic studies in patients and mouse models have shown that alopecia areata is a complex, polygenic disease. Several genetic susceptibility loci were identified to be associated with signalling pathways that are important to hair follicle cycling and development. Alopecia areata is usually diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, but dermoscopy and histopathology can be helpful. Alopecia areata is difficult to manage medically, but recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms have revealed new treatments and the possibility of remission in the near future. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017 Mar 16; 3:17011
Recommended Citation
Pratt CH,
King L,
Messenger A,
Christiano A,
Sundberg J.
Alopecia areata. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017 Mar 16; 3:17011.