Respiratory manifestations in 38 patients with Alström syndrome.

Authors

Caroline Boerwinkle
Jan D Marshall
Joy Bryant
William A Gahl
Kenneth N Olivier
Meral Gunay-Aygun

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-2017

JAX Location

Reprint Collection

JAX Source

Pediatr Pulmonol 2017 Apr; 52(4):487-493

Volume

52

Issue

4

First Page

487

Last Page

493

ISSN

1099-0496

PMID

28029746

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.23607

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Alström syndrome (AS) is a rare, multi-system condition characterized by retinal degeneration, sensorineural hearing loss, obesity, insulin-resistant diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiomyopathy, hepatorenal disease, and recurrent respiratory infections. It belongs to a group of genetic disorders known as primary ciliopathies, which includes autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney diseases, as well as Joubert and Bardet-Biedl syndromes. Prior studies have suggested phenotypic overlap between primary ciliopathies affecting the non-motile, sensory cilia, and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a motile ciliopathy characterized by respiratory tract disease.

METHODS: We describe the burden of oto-sino-pulmonary disease in 38 individuals with AS and examines the degree of clinical overlap between PCD and AS. Evaluation at the NIH Clinical Center included clinical examination, chest imaging, and clinical history surveys, as well as measurement of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) in nine patients.

RESULTS: Recurrent otitis media was ubiquitous in the AS cohort (92%) with 50% requiring pressure equalization tube placement. A history of bronchitis/pneumonia and sinusitis was reported in 61% and 50% of individuals, respectively. PCD-characterizing symptoms (laterality defects, unexplained neonatal respiratory distress, year-round nasal congestion, and wet cough) were far less prevalent in the AS cohort compared to PCD, and the average nNO production in the AS cohort was 232 ± 57.1 nl/min compared to a cut-off of/min for PCD.

CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the oto-sino-respiratory complications in AS are prominent enough to warrant increased clinical attention, but significantly impaired respiratory cilia function as seen in PCD is unlikely in AS. (www.clinicaltrials.gov, trial NCT00068224) Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:487-493. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Recommended Citation

Boerwinkle C, Marshall J, Bryant J, Gahl W, Olivier K, Gunay-Aygun M. Respiratory manifestations in 38 patients with Alström syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017 Apr; 52(4):487-493