Clinical and Immunological Implications of Frameshift Mutations in Lung Cancer.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

10-2019

Keywords

JGM

JAX Source

J Thorac Oncol 2019 Oct; 14(10):1807-1817

Volume

14

Issue

10

First Page

1807

Last Page

1817

ISSN

1556-1380

PMID

31238177

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2019.06.016

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Presently, programmed death ligand 1 is the most commonly used biomarker to predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in NSCLC. Owing to its several limitations, there is continuous search for more precise and reliable markers. Frameshift mutations by insertion or deletion (fsindels) are suggested to induce more immunogenic tumor-specific neoantigens, conferring better response to ICIs. Positive correlation of fsindels with ICI response has been studied in melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. We investigated the implication of fsindels in the clinical outcomes and immune landscape of patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs.

METHODS: We utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas data set to analyze tumor mutational burden, neoantigen burden, and immune landscape in relation to fsindel status. In addition, utilizing the clinical data from 122 patients treated with ICIs, we evaluated the influence of fsindels on disease response rates and survival outcomes.

RESULTS: A positive correlation between fsindel burden and tumor mutational burden and activated CD4/CD8 T-cell infiltration was shown. Presence of fsindels was also associated with significant prolongation of progression-free survival in patients treated with ICIs (median 6.2 versus 2.7 months [p = 0.01]). In addition, significant differences in the overall response rates (26% versus 12% [p = 0.04]) and disease control rates (68% versus 48% [p = 0.02]) were observed in patients with fsindels.

CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that fsindels may have a predictive role for ICI response in NSCLC.

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