Content and Performance of the MiniMUGA Genotyping Array, a New Tool To Improve Rigor and Reproducibility in Mouse Research.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-2020
Keywords
JMG; Algorithms, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Disease Progression, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Nerve Degeneration, Prefrontal Cortex, Time Factors, Unsupervised Machine Learning
JAX Source
Genetics 2020 Dec; 216(4):905-930
ISSN
1943-2631
PMID
33067325
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.120.303596
Abstract
The laboratory mouse is the most widely used animal model for biomedical research, due in part to its well annotated genome, wealth of genetic resources and the ability to precisely manipulate its genome. Despite the importance of genetics for mouse research, genetic quality control (QC) is not standardized, in part due to the lack of cost effective, informative and robust platforms. Genotyping arrays are standard tools for mouse research and remain an attractive alternative even in the era of high-throughput whole genome sequencing. Here we describe the content and performance of a new iteration of the Mouse Universal Genotyping Array, MiniMUGA, an array-based genetic QC platform with over 11,000 probes. In addition to robust discrimination between most classical and wild-derived laboratory strains, MiniMUGA was designed to contain features not available in other platforms: 1) chromosomal sex determination, 2) discrimination between substrains from multiple commercial vendors, 3) diagnostic SNPs for popular laboratory strains, 4) detection of constructs used in genetically engineered mice, and 5) an easy-to-interpret report summarizing these results. In-depth annotation of all probes should facilitate custom analyses by individual researchers. To determine the performance of MiniMUGA we genotyped 6,899 samples from a wide variety of genetic backgrounds. The performance of MiniMUGA compares favorably with three previous iterations of the MUGA family of arrays both in discrimination capabilities and robustness. We have generated publicly available consensus genotypes for 241 inbred strains including classical, wild-derived and recombinant inbred lines. Here we also report the detection of a substantial number of XO and XXY individuals across a variety of sample types, new markers that expand the utility of reduced complexity crosses to genetic backgrounds other than C57BL/6, and the robust detection of 17 genetic constructs. We provide preliminary evidence that the array can be used to identify both partial sex chromosome duplication and mosaicism, and that diagnostic SNPs can be used to determine how long inbred mice have been bred independently from the relevant main stock. We conclude that MiniMUGA is a valuable platform for genetic QC and an important new tool to the increase rigor and reproducibility of mouse research.
Recommended Citation
Sigmon J,
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Content and Performance of the MiniMUGA Genotyping Array, a New Tool To Improve Rigor and Reproducibility in Mouse Research. Genetics 2020 Dec; 216(4):905-930