Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-30-2024

Keywords

JGM, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Membrane Proteins, Female, Male, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Alleles, Malformations of Cortical Development, Child, Child, Preschool, Cell Differentiation, Tumor Suppressor Proteins

JAX Source

Cell Death Dis. 2024;15(5):379.

ISSN

2041-4889

PMID

38816421

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-024-06768-6

Abstract

CSMD1 (Cub and Sushi Multiple Domains 1) is a well-recognized regulator of the complement cascade, an important component of the innate immune response. CSMD1 is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) where emergent functions of the complement pathway modulate neural development and synaptic activity. While a genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders, the role of CSMD1 in neurodevelopmental disorders is unclear. Through international variant sharing, we identified inherited biallelic CSMD1 variants in eight individuals from six families of diverse ancestry who present with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, and polymicrogyria. We modeled CSMD1 loss-of-function (LOF) pathogenesis in early-stage forebrain organoids differentiated from CSMD1 knockout human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We show that CSMD1 is necessary for neuroepithelial cytoarchitecture and synchronous differentiation. In summary, we identified a critical role for CSMD1 in brain development and biallelic CSMD1 variants as the molecular basis of a previously undefined neurodevelopmental disorder.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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